Administrative and Financial Failure of the Ottoman State's Reform Efforts in the Administration of Sanjaq in Sulaimani between 1800-1900

Abstract

During the Ottoman rule, Sanjaq faced several administrative and financial problems, which affected the stability, security and lives of the residents of Sanjaq.

In terms of administration, employees were not part of the shortcomings and problems, but the negligence of the state in the way of managing the affairs of the office with the selection and supervision of employees.

Financially, the financial ups and downs affected the administrative management of the Sanjaq administrative departments, where the employees themselves were responsible for the decline in revenue, by not collecting taxes properly or by stealing or wasting taxes and revenue, or by some tribal chiefs. Obviously, the lack of revenue has emptied the state treasury, preventing the state from reforming the budget and conducting civil and military affairs without any shortcomings.

The most important reaction is that after the failure to provide the military supplies of Sanjak and the failure to pay civilian and military salaries on time, the soldiers of Sanjak have turned against the state and attacked the markets of Sanjak.