Manifestations of Stereotypical Behavior in Autistic Children

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Autism spectrum disorder is a condition associated with brain development that affects how a person recognizes and relates to others socially, causing problems with social interaction and communication. The disorder also includes limited and repetitive patterns of behavior. The term "spectrum" in autism spectrum disorder refers to a wide range of symptoms and levels of severity. Most children with autism never speak. Few of them begin to speak in the second year of life. Around the age of 15 or 30 months, that is, when the child has to combine words and create simple sentences, he does not do this and may forget the words he knows. These patients have little understanding and understanding of simple commands in repetitive and specific situations. Even those who can speak cannot understand abstract concepts correctly because they have superficial impressions of what they have heard. For example, metaphors such as “He died from laughing too hard” will confuse them, and they may even come trying to find a body. The goal of the research was to identify the most common manifestations of stereotypical behavior in autistic children. In the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), the American Psychiatric Association defines autism spectrum disorder as a state of persistent deficiency in a child’s social communication skills, characterized by a deviation and delay in the development of basic psychological functions associated with the growth of social, linguistic, and sensory skills and the emergence of stereotypical and routine behavior in addition to interests. Specific, symptoms appear during the early stages of development. Stereotype behavior is defined as a group of continuous and repetitive physical movements without a specific purpose or goal. These movements may continue throughout the waking period, and usually disappear with sleep, which affects the acquisition of skills and reduces the opportunities to communicate with others. Examples include: shaking the body, flapping the hands, rubbing the hands, undulating the fingers, and others. The research community: consists of the research community consists of parents, trainers, and officials of autism centers in Baghdad, Rusafa/Karkh. The researcher relied on a tool to measure stereotypical behaviors prepared by researcher Lamia Abdel Wahab Abdel Hamid Ali, in the year 2021 in the Republic of Egypt/Fayoum University (Ali, 2021), which was built in Egypt in 2021, since the Egyptian environment is similar to the Iraqi environment, and the typical behaviors of autistic children are usually similar to all children. The researcher chose trainers, parents, and directors of autism centers to answer the stereotypical behavior scale, because they are close to the children and are aware of the stereotypical behaviors that these people perform. Children, so the researcher chose (100) people to answer the scale. It turns out that paragraphs (11, 29, 14) ranked in the first three according to the highest percentage weights