The Prophet’s Biography from the Point of View of The Orientalist David Samuel Margoliouth (Critical Comparative Study)

Abstract

This study deals with the prophet’s biography from the point of view of the famous orientalist David Samuel Margoliouth. Shedding light on his opinions and analyses through a clear and precise academic critical approach, aiming to expose his scientific errors and methodological fallacies and to demonstrate his distortion of the facts related to the life of the prophet and authenticity of Islam. And in particular a number of essential issues in the biography of the prophet and Muslims, including the lineage of the prophet, his participation in the Fijar War, his trips to Levant, the theory of the prophet’s epilepsy falsely attributed to him, his call to Islam in the secret phase, and the migration of Muslims to Abyssinia. It also dealt with the study of the major transformations that took place in Medina, such as the constitution of the Jews, and the treaty of Hudaybiyyah, in addition to this letter to kings and empires, his marriages and in-laws, and the causes of his illness and death.  In the end, he chose those topics and launched his criticisms and doubt through them, without any scientific basis, trying to cast doubt on the purity of the prophet’s personality and the message of Islam. However, the study seeks to respond to these claims and accusations with conclusive evidence and reliable information derived from the primary historical sources’ contemporary to that period.