Plants as bioindicators of heavy metal pollution
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21271/ZJPAS.35.2.23Keywords:
Wild plants; Heavy metals; Photosynthetic pigments; Total nitrogen; Protein.Abstract
This research was designed to assess metal deposition (Zn, Cr, As, Cd, Hg and Pb) and modifications in photosynthetic pigments, total nitrogen, protein in six plant species (Brachiaria eruciformis, polypogon monspeliensis, Phragmites australis, Cynodon ductylon, Prosopis farcta and Typha domingensis) near Turaq region which was designated as polluted site and comparing it to control site. The results indicated a significantly increased concentration of studied metals in the contaminated area. Phragmites australis shows maximum accumulation of Cr, As, and Hg. The accumulation of Zn, Pb and Cd were highest in Prosopis farcta, Cynodon ductylon and polypogon monspeliensis, respectively. Pigments and proteins were found in lower amounts in plants grown on polluted soil. Metals were negatively correlated with pigments, total nitrogen and proteins in all of the studied plants. The data demonstrated the existence of metals in the plant body in both regions, indicating that there is a variation in metal absorption capacities.
References
ABDELHAFEZ, A. A. & LI, J. 2015. Environmental monitoring of heavy metal status and human health risk assessment in the agricultural soils of the Jinxi River area, China. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 21, 952-971.
AHMAD, P., OZTURK, M. & GUCEL, S. 2012. Oxidative damage and antioxidants induced by heavy metal stress in two cultivars of mustard (Brassica juncea L.) plants. Fresenius Environ Bull, 21, 2953-2961.
AL-DALALI, B. & AL-HAKIM, S. 1987. Food analysis, dar al-kutib, Mosul University. Iraq.
ALTAF, R., ALTAF, S., HUSSAIN, M., SHAH, R. U., ULLAH, R., ULLAH, M. I., RAUF, A., ANSARI, M. J., ALHARBI, S. A., ALFARRAJ, S. & DATTA, R. 2021. Heavy metal accumulation by roadside vegetation and implications for pollution control. PLoS One, 16, e0249147.
ANAND, S. P. A. & RAMAMOORTHY, N. 2022. The relationship between heavy metals concentrations in soil and plant (Senna auriculata (L.) Roxb.) of the hills and roadsides in Tiruchirappalli, India. SAARC Journal of Agriculture, 20, 121-130.
ASLAM, M., VERMA, D. K., DHAKERYA, R., RAIS, S., ALAM, M. & ANSARI, F. 2012. Bioindicator: A Comparative Study on Uptake and Accumulation of Heavy Metals. Research Journal of Environmental and Earth Sciences, 4.
BAJRAKTARI, D., BAUER, B. & ZENELI, L. 2022. Antioxidant Capacity of Salix alba (Fam. Salicaceae) and Influence of Heavy Metal Accumulation. Horticulturae, 8.
BALI, A. S. & SIDHU, G. P. S. 2021. Arsenic acquisition, toxicity and tolerance in plants - From physiology to remediation: A review. Chemosphere, 283, 131050.
BROADLEY, M. R., WHITE, P. J., HAMMOND, J. P., ZELKO, I. & LUX, A. 2007. Zinc in plants. New phytologist, 173, 677-702.
CHAOUA, S., BOUSSAA, S., EL GHARMALI, A. & BOUMEZZOUGH, A. 2019. Impact of irrigation with wastewater on accumulation of heavy metals in soil and crops in the region of Marrakech in Morocco. Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences, 18, 429-436.
COSIO, C., FLUCK, R., REGIER, N. & SLAVEYKOVA, V. I. 2014. Effects of macrophytes on the fate of mercury in aquatic systems. Environ Toxicol Chem, 33, 1225-37.
CUI, N., QU, L. & WU, G. 2022. Heavy metal accumulation characteristics and physiological response of Sabina chinensis and Platycladus orientalis to atmospheric pollution. J Environ Sci (China), 112, 192-201.
DOĞANLAR, Z. B. & ATMACA, M. 2011. Influence of airborne pollution on Cd, Zn, Pb, Cu, and Al accumulation and physiological parameters of plant leaves in Antakya (Turkey). Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, 214, 509-523.
DOHMEN, G., KOPPERS, A. & LANGEBARTELS, C. 1990. Biochemical response of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) towards 14-month exposure to ozone and acid mist: effects on amino acid, glutathione and polyamine titers. Environmental pollution, 64, 375-383.
FENG, S., TAN, J., ZHANG, Y., LIANG, S., XIANG, S., WANG, H. & CHAI, T. 2017. Isolation and characterization of a novel cadmium-regulated Yellow Stripe-Like transporter (SnYSL3) in Solanum nigrum. Plant Cell Rep, 36, 281-296.
GHORI, N. H., GHORI, T., HAYAT, M. Q., IMADI, S. R., GUL, A., ALTAY, V. & OZTURK, M. 2019. Heavy metal stress and responses in plants. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 16, 1807-1828.
GONDAL, A. H. 2021. A Detailed Review Study of Zinc Involvement in Animal, Plant and Human Nutrition. Indian Journal of Pure & Applied Biosciences, 9, 262-271.
HOSSAIN, M. A., PIYATIDA, P., DA SILVA, J. A. T. & FUJITA, M. 2012. Molecular mechanism of heavy metal toxicity and tolerance in plants: central role of glutathione in detoxification of reactive oxygen species and methylglyoxal and in heavy metal chelation. Journal of botany, 2012.
HU, H., LI, X., WU, S. & YANG, C. 2020. Sustainable livestock wastewater treatment via phytoremediation: Current status and future perspectives. Bioresource Technology, 315, 123809.
JOGAWAT, A., YADAV, B., CHHAYA & NARAYAN, O. P. 2021. Metal transporters in organelles and their roles in heavy metal transportation and sequestration mechanisms in plants. Physiol Plant, 173, 259-275.
KALAIVANAN, D. & GANESHAMURTHY, A. N. 2016. Mechanisms of heavy metal toxicity in plants. Abiotic stress physiology of horticultural crops. Springer.
KHAN, Z. I., UGULU, I., UMAR, S., AHMAD, K., MEHMOOD, N., ASHFAQ, A., BASHIR, H. & SOHAIL, M. 2018. Potential toxic metal accumulation in soil, forage and blood plasma of buffaloes sampled from Jhang, Pakistan. Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology, 101, 235-242.
LICHTENTHALER, H. K. 1987. [34] Chlorophylls and carotenoids: pigments of photosynthetic biomembranes. Methods in enzymology. Elsevier.
LIU, S., YANG, B., LIANG, Y., XIAO, Y. & FANG, J. 2020. Prospect of phytoremediation combined with other approaches for remediation of heavy metal-polluted soils. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 27, 16069-16085.
LIU, Y.-J., ZHU, Y.-G. & DING, H. 2007. Lead and cadmium in leaves of deciduous trees in Beijing, China: development of a metal accumulation index (MAI). Environmental Pollution, 145, 387-390.
LOH, N., LOH, H.-P., WANG, L. K. & WANG, M.-H. S. 2016. Health effects and control of toxic lead in the environment. Natural Resources and Control Processes. Springer.
MBANGA, O., NCUBE, S., TUTU, H., CHIMUKA, L. & CUKROWSKA, E. 2019. Mercury accumulation and biotransportation in wetland biota affected by gold mining. Environmental monitoring and assessment, 191, 1-12.
MUKHERJEE, A. & AGRAWAL, M. 2016. Pollution Response Score of Tree Species in Relation to Ambient Air Quality in an Urban Area. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol, 96, 197-202.
PEHOIU, G., MURARESCU, O., RADULESCU, C., DULAMA, I. D., TEODORESCU, S., STIRBESCU, R. M., BUCURICA, I. A. & STANESCU, S. G. 2020. Heavy metals accumulation and translocation in native plants grown on tailing dumps and human health risk. Plant and Soil, 456, 405-424.
PIMPLE, N. S. 2017. Adverse effect of air pollutants on the chlorophyll content in leaves from Pune, Maharashtra (India). Int J Pharm Sci Rev Res, 44, 131.
QIAN, X., WU, Y., ZHOU, H., XU, X., XU, Z., SHANG, L. & QIU, G. 2018. Total mercury and methylmercury accumulation in wild plants grown at wastelands composed of mine tailings: Insights into potential candidates for phytoremediation. Environ Pollut, 239, 757-767.
RASHID, M. H., FARDOUS, Z., CHOWDHURY, M. A., ALAM, M. K., BARI, M. L., MONIRUZZAMAN, M. & GAN, S. H. 2016. Determination of heavy metals in the soils of tea plantations and in fresh and processed tea leaves: an evaluation of six digestion methods. Chem Cent J, 10, 7.
RYAN, J., ESTEFAN, G. & RASHID, A. 2001. Soil and plant analysis laboratory manual, ICARDA.
SALIH, Z. & AZIZ, F. 2019. Heavy Metals Accumulation in Leaves of Five Plant
Species as a Bioindicator of Steel Factory Pollution
and their Effects on Pigment Content. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 28, 4351-4358.
SANDEEP, G., VIJAYALATHA, K. & ANITHA, T. 2019. Heavy metals and its impact in vegetable crops. Int J Chem Stud, 7, 1612-1621.
SHARMA, P., TRIPATHI, S. & CHANDRA, R. 2021a. Highly efficient phytoremediation potential of metal and metalloids from the pulp paper industry waste employing Eclipta alba (L) and Alternanthera philoxeroide (L): Biosorption and pollution reduction. Bioresour Technol, 319, 124147.
SHARMA, P., TRIPATHI, S., SIROHI, R., KIM, S. H., NGO, H. H. & PANDEY, A. 2021b. Uptake and mobilization of heavy metals through phytoremediation process from native plants species growing on complex pollutants: Antioxidant enzymes and photosynthetic pigments response. Environmental Technology & Innovation, 23.
SHARMA, R. K., AGRAWAL, M. & MARSHALL, F. 2007. Heavy metal contamination of soil and vegetables in suburban areas of Varanasi, India. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, 66, 258-266.
SRIVASTAVA, D., TIWARI, M., DUTTA, P., SINGH, P., CHAWDA, K., KUMARI, M. & CHAKRABARTY, D. 2021. Chromium Stress in Plants: Toxicity, Tolerance and Phytoremediation. Sustainability, 13.
TARIQ, F. S. 2021. Heavy metals concentration in vegetables irrigated with municipal wastewater and their human daily intake in Erbil city. Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring & Management, 16.
THAMBAVANI, D. S. & MAHESWARI, J. 2014. Response of native tree species to ambient air quality. Chem Sci Transac, 3, 438-444.
UARROTA, V. G., STEFEN, D. L. V., LEOLATO, L. S., GINDRI, D. M. & NERLING, D. 2018. Revisiting carotenoids and their role in plant stress responses: from biosynthesis to plant signaling mechanisms during stress. Antioxidants and antioxidant enzymes in higher plants. Springer.
UKA, U. N., BELFORD, E. J. D. & ELEBE, F. A. 2021. Effects of road traffic on photosynthetic pigments and heavy metal accumulation in tree species of Kumasi Metropolis, Ghana. SN Applied Sciences, 3.
VÁZQUEZ, S., CARPENA, R. & BERNAL, M. 2008. Contribution of heavy metals and As-loaded lupin root mineralization to the availability of the pollutants in multi-contaminated soils. Environmental Pollution, 152, 373-379.
WHO 1996. Permissible limits of heavy metals in soil and plants. Geneva, Switzerland.
WHO 2005. Quality Control Methods For Medicinal Plant Material. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
XU, J., LIU, C., HSU, P. C., ZHAO, J., WU, T., TANG, J., LIU, K. & CUI, Y. 2019. Remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil by asymmetrical alternating current electrochemistry. Nat Commun, 10, 2440.
YANG, W., ZHAO, F., WANG, Y., DING, Z., YANG, X. & ZHU, Z. 2020. Differences in uptake and accumulation of copper and zinc by Salix clones under flooded versus non-flooded conditions. Chemosphere, 241, 125059.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Sayran A. Qader, Zhian R. Salih
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
