Limiting Irrigation Water Quality Indices of several rivers, wells and springs in Dohuk governorate

Akram Othman Esmail; Vahil Ismael Barwari; Omar Anwar Rekani

doi:10.21271/ZJPAS.34.4.4

Authors

Akram Othman Esmail Department of Soil and Water, College Agricultural engineering Sciences, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
Vahil Ismael Barwari Department of Soil and Water, College Agricultural engineering Sciences, Duhok University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
Omar Anwar Rekani Department of Soil and Water, College Agricultural engineering Sciences, Duhok University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21271/ZJPAS.34.4.4

Keywords:

Index for irrigation water., Water resources, Water classification

Abstract

The investigation was done during 2018, that included the chemical analysis of 30 water samples which were taken from 10 wells,10 springs and 10 rivers in Dohuk. The results showed that 10 , 26.67 , 53.33 and 10% of tested water samples had excellent ,good, average and poor quality relying on quality index for irrigation water and Brazilian classification(2012) that located between zero to 13.34.On the other hand depending on Meireles et al., classification (40 ,40 ,16.67 and 3.33) percentage of the studied water resources recorded medium , high ,severe and low restriction of applying for irrigation uses respectively with the quality index for irrigation of ( 37.38 to 42.02). The results showed the difference between the results of two applied systems for irrigation water category.

References

AMERICAN PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOCIATION (A. P. H. A.), 1989. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. 17th. Ed. A. P. H. A., Washington.

AL-MEINI, A. J. K. 2010. A Proposed Index of Water Quality Assessment for Irrigation. Engineering and Technical Journal. 28 (22): 6557- 6579.

AL-MUSSAWI, W.H. 2014. Assessment of Groundwater Quality in UMM ER Radhuma Aquifer (Iraqi Western Desert) by Integration between Irrigation Water Quality Index and GIS. Journal of Babylon University Engineering Sciences.1 (22):201-217.

AMBIGA, K. AND DURAI R. A. 2012. Use of geographical information system and water quality index to assess groundwater Quality in and around Ranipet area, Vellore district, Tamilnadu. International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Studies.2 (4):73-80.

AYERS, R.C AND D.W. WESTCOT. 1985. Water quality for agriculture. FAO Irrigation and Drainage. Paper (29 Rev. 1): 1-109.

BHARTI N. D. & KATYAL, W. 2011. Water quality indices used for surface water vulnerability assessment. International Journal of Environmental Sciences 2 (1):154-173. New Delhi, India.

ESMAIL, A.O. 1986. Limitation of some ground water suitability in Erbil plain for different uses. M Sc. Thesis. Salahuddin University-Erbil, College of Agriculture.

HANNA, N.S. & SHEKHA, Y.A.2017. Assessment of water quality for Zar Gali stream, Bekhal (Maran) and Khalan rivers within Erbil, Iraq.Zanco Journal for Pure and applied Sciences.29(1):171-181.

MAIA, C. E. & . RODRIGUES K. K. R. P 2012. Proposal for an Index to Classify Irrigation Water Quality: A Case Study in Northeastern Brazil. R. Bras. Ci. Solo, 36:823-830. Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo.

MEIRELES, A .C .M. E.M. ANDRADE. L. C. G. CHAVES. H. FRISCHKORN AND L. A. CRISOSTOMO 2010. A new proposal of the classification of irrigation water. Journal of Revista Ciencia Agronomica., 41(3):349-357. Centro de Ciencias Agrarias-Universidade Federal do Ceara Fortaleza CE.

NASLY M. A., HOSSAIN M. A. & ISLAM M.S. 2013. Water Quality Index of Sungai Tunggak: An Analytical Study. 3rd International Conference on Chemical, Biological and Environment Sciences.pp.40-45.

RAJAB, K. S. 2015.Classification of Some Groundwater for Irrigation Purpose Depending on IWQI in Erbil Plain- Iraqi Kurdistan Region. MSc. thesis, Salahaddin University-Erbil, College of Agriculture Dept. of Soil and Water.

RAJAB, K.S. & ESMAIL, A.O. 2016. Effect of Irrigation Water Quality Indices of Groundwater on Some Soil Chemical Properties, Growth ‘Yield and Nutrient Content of Wheat in Erbil Plain. AVS 19(1):691-710.

RAJAB, K.S. & ESMAIL, A.O. 2021. role of ion pairs and activity in estimation of ionic strength from electrical conductivity of irrigation water. Accepted for publication in Journal of Agricultural Science University of Baghdad (SCOPAS) Vo. No. (53), 2023.

RAJAB, K.S. & A.O. ESMAIL (2022). Influence of Ion Pairs and Activity on the Index of Irrigation Water Quality Relying on Some Modern Terms in Erbil Governorate.

Zanco Journal for applied and Pure Science. 34(2);118-128. Salahaddin Univ. Erbil.

SAJADI, D.M.D. & ESMAIL A.O. (2020). Comparison Between Groundwater Quality at North East and South West of Erbil Governorate for Irrigation Using Some Global Systems and Principal Component Analysis. QJAS 10(2):308-324.

SALAM, B.M., 2019.Identifying water suitability for different uses in Rania district/ Sulaimani governorate/ Kurdistan region/Iraq. M.Sc. Thesis. College of Agriculture Salahaddin University- Erbil.

YOGENDRA, K. & PUTTAIAH, E.T.2008. Determination of water quality index and suitability of urban waterbody in Shimoga Town, Karnataka. The 12th World Lake Conference. 342-346.