The Anti-Candidal Activity of Salvia verticillata subsp. verticillata Against Several Candida Species

Mahdi Hashim Ibrahim; Badr Qader Surchi; Safiya A. Azeez; M. Hakkı Alma; Ekrem Kireçci; Mustafa A Yılmaz; Metin Tansu Uguz; Tufan Salan; Huseyin Hüseyin Tanış

doi:10.21271/ZJPAS.36.5.2

Authors

Mahdi Hashim Ibrahim Department of Biology, College of Science, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil,Kurdistan Region, Iraq
Badr Qader Surchi Department of Biology, College of Science, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil,Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
Safiya A. Azeez Director of General Education of Erbil, Director of Central Education in Erbil, Sabat Preparatory School for Girls
M. Hakkı Alma Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Igdir, Igdir, Turkey
Ekrem Kireçci Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Microbiology, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Turkey
Mustafa A Yılmaz Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, 21280, Turkey
Metin Tansu Uguz Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University Vocational School of Health Services, Turkey
Tufan Salan Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
Huseyin Hüseyin Tanış Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Kahramanmaraş Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21271/ZJPAS.36.5.2

Keywords:

Anti-candida properties, antioxidant activity, phytochemical screening, Salvia verticillata extract, total tannin quantification

Abstract

The examination of Salvia verticillata extract encompassed an exploration of its anti-Candida properties, phytochemical composition, antioxidant activity, and the quantification of total tannins. The use of ethanol as a solvent yielded the highest extraction efficiency at 26.1%. The plant exhibited a substantial tannin content of 6.5 mg/kg, signifying a noteworthy concentration. The inhibitory zones against Candida tropicalis reached a minimum diameter of 17.6 mm, while Candida guilliermondii displayed the most significant inhibition with a zone diameter of 21.8 mm. The minor inhibitory concentration (MIC) findings for all Candida species ranged from 6.25 to 12.5 g/ml. In the case of Candida guilliermondii, the synthetic antifungal activity FLU/25 demonstrated a maximal inhibition zone measuring 39.30 mm. Additionally, the maximum antioxidant activity, recorded at 0.3 ml, reached a value of 98.65. Phytochemical screening unveiled elevated concentrations of phenols and flavonoids, with malic acid (1901.1 g/g), hesperidin (302.4 g/g), and rosmarinic acid (30619.93 g/g) all experiencing an increase in concentration. These findings provide a comprehensive understanding of the diverse bioactive components and properties associated with Salvia verticillata extract.

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