Growth and yield of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus)in additive Intercropping system with Mung bean.

Abstract

     Some crops perform better in intercropping systems with other crops relative to their solcropping .  Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) was adopted to be studied in a field experiment within an additive intercropping system with mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) in a three rows in combinations (1:3 and 1:4 and 1:5) sunflower-Mung bean  intercropped  and sole cropped for studding growth , yield components and yield traits during  the summer of 2021 at two different agro ecological locations of the governorate of Erbil- Iraq. Experiments were triplicated in a randomized complete block design (RCBD), Each location was a parcel of a local farmers land in the villages of Shamamr (Latitude: 406227, Longitude: 397954 rainfall isocline (350 mm y^-1)) and Dukalla (Latitude: 358033 m, Longitude: 3993384 m),at  the last of the semi insured and the first of the non-insured rainfall zones respectively  . Shamamr location suppressed Dukalla location in most of morphological traits at the ages of 20 days after sowing (DAS),  nd 60 DAS. Treatment row combination (1:3, 1:4 and 1:5) showed advantages in yield component traits over sole cropping of sunflower might be due to resources gains as solar radiation, conditioning heat environment and space .No advantages of intercropping were observed among cropping systems in seed yield while the treatment (1:5) possessed the highest Harvest index (0.6). Sunflower in Shamamr location is believed to perform better under intercropping system. More planting geometry is recommended to obtain more precise results.

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