Participation and obstacles to physical activity among the elderly and retirees in Erbil Governorate public parks and retiree centres

Abstract

Aim of the Study
This study was aimed to explore the obstacles and motivations affecting physical activity participation among elderly men aged 60 to 68 years in urban, culturally distinct setting. The focus is on identifying obstacles to physical activity and understanding the factors that can motivate this population to engage in exercise. The researcher hypothesized that physical, psychological, and environmental obstacles  will be negatively reflect to physical activity levels among elder and retirees, while social support will be positively associated.

Methodology
A descriptive method  approach was used, combining surveys to assess the perceptions and behaviours’ of elderly participants regarding physical activity, along with field observations at locations where elderly individuals gather or rest. The study focused on both self-reported data and direct observations to gather insights into the factors influencing physical activity participation.

Results

The research identified several key obstacles to physical activity, including physical limitations, psychological factors (such as fear of injury), social influences, and environmental constraints (e.g., lack of adequate space for exercise). Despite these obstacles, the study found that even simple forms of exercise could serve as a motivating factor for elderly individuals, helping to increase their engagement and the duration of physical activity. These findings can help the relevant city authorities implement necessary interventions by ensuring appropriate health services, establishing essential infrastructure, and providing adequate spaces for walking and physical activity that are free from obstacles. Social, environmental, and psychological obstacles can also be mitigated through awareness campaigns, guidance, and the promotion of motivation via community programs.