The Legal Framework to Confront The Problem of Water Pollution in Iraq

Abstract

Although the water problem is an old problem, resulting from multiple natural and human causes, today it has become a serious danger, due to the steady increase in population numbers, which has increased the severity of the problem from two aspects: the first is the pressure on the need for larger quantities of water, and the second is the increase in the problem. Pollution due to growing human activity, especially in areas with high population density. Therefore, another reason was added to the traditional causes of water shortage, which is pollution.    Therefore, the water problem is no longer limited to the lack of water flowing in rivers, canals and bodies of water, but it also appears to be a problem of water quality: the water has been exposed and is exposed on an almost daily basis to pollution resulting from factories and laboratories. Therefore, even if the quantity of water is available, it is not of the required quality. Because pollution leads to causing damage or corruption to the nature of water, which causes a disruption in its ecosystem in one way or another, which reduces its characteristics and its ability to perform its natural role, and even becomes a source of harm when used.      This is what prompted countries and global and regional organizations to make efforts to avoid or limit the harms of pollution, through many technical and legal means: At the local level, each country has a special legislative policy to confront this problem. The ideal legislative policy is the policy based on comprehensive treatment: that is, expanding the framework of responsibility, with the participation of many ministries and government institutions that engage in activities that can contribute to addressing pollution, as well as strengthening this activity with penalties imposed on those who violate the orders and prohibitions set by the text. of this institution or ministry.

       Therefore, we thought it would be useful to shed light on the legislative policy to confront this problem in Iraq, and we chose this part to be the subject of our current research. This is because Iraq is one of the countries most affected by the water problem.